Hello again! As last Thursday was a holiday (gotta love those German holidays), I traveled to Munich and Dachau last weekend with a few good Heidelbergean friends. I'm going to separate these two places into separate blogs, however, as their natures and tones were so drastically different. I'll start with Munich!
Munich was....everything I had hoped and more. The city is alive with a vibrant energy, but is much smaller than Berlin, Paris, or Amsterdam, offering a quainter atmosphere.
The weather gods blessed us with a beautiful weekend, which made the beer gardens on every corner ever more enjoyable. I was surprised that this "Munich = beer" stereotype was truer than I had expected. While many of the bars and beer gardens are designed purely for tourists, our couchsurfing hosts assured us that the locals enjoy them too. As an older German gentleman in his 60s once told me, "Es ist nie zu früh zu trinken, und selten zu spät," meaning, "it is never too early to drink, and seldom too late." All I can say is, "oh, stereotypes"...
Still, Munich was so much more than liter-beer and half-meter bratwurst (they seriously make this). Luckily for us, the weekend we arrived was Munich's 841st birthday--a claim that few cities can boast. This meant live music, dancing, and food and craft fairs throughout the city center. We enjoyed these immensely (especially the fresh strawberries that have just come into season), as well as the stunning cathedrals, palaces, and modern art museums.
Though we split up in pairs to couchsurf, this was my full travel group. Right to left: Deborah (Arizona State), her boyfriend Wylie (visiting from the US), Sean (UNC), Alex (UNC), and Alice (U of Kentucky).
The beer gardens were beautiful...
A local favorite of our couchsurfing hosts in the English Gardens.
Our couchsurfing hosts, Tommy, Saskia, and Christian.
The Hofbräuhaus...a stereotypical tourist stop, but a great place to visit once.
Sean and I.
Freak chance encounter in Europe #2: After randomly running into a friend in Paris, I ran into my old sophomore-year Resident Advisor from UNC, Samantha Alvarez, in the Hofbräuhaus. The world is entirely too small...
The old Rathaus (house of government) in the city center.
The Asamkirche (Asams' Church). It's
tiny inside, but so ornate it's completely overwhelming.
Schloss Nymphenburg (meaning "abode of the nymphs"), where Ludwig II was born. If you remember Neuschwanstein Castle from a previous post, this is the same guy. He certainly had a taste for fine things...
Inside the palace. Parts of it are open to tourists, but much of it is still in use by the government, and the "royal family" of sorts still lives in one of the wings.
Overall, Munich was beautiful and my travel group couldn't have been easier to get along with. What can I say...I love Munich!
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Note: This is long. Feel free to skip it if you're dying of boredom.
On Friday morning, we took a guided tour of Dachau concentration camp, which is just outside Munich. Our guide, Matt, was an American college grad whose specialty is the Third Reich. His professionalism and the quality of his tour were both outstanding, and I was thrilled to have had him as a guide.
I hesitate to even blog about Dachau however, because to a certain degree, I think that it trivializes this horrifically tragic event in history and those who died in the camp. Touring Dachau brought back a lot of memories from an experience I had in Thailand, however, where I toured a Buddhist temple in the mountains that was a refuge and hospital for those suffering from HIV/AIDS. I'd like to keep this story short, but it needs a little explaining...
Though Thailand is very sexually progressive compared to the western world, AIDS is still very taboo and is often simply not discussed. Thus, this temple was designed for those who had been shunned by their families or had lost the ability to provide for themselves because of their illness. While it was a beautiful place representing a pureness of heart rarely seen, it was also one of the most shocking experiences of my life. In an attempt to convey the full effects of AIDS on the human body, as well as the magnitude of the problems resulting from AIDS rejection in Thailand, the temple created a very controversial exhibition. Inside its "Life Museum" were the fresh corpses of children, pregnant women, and adults who had died of AIDS at the temple and had given their bodies as a memorial. Further on, there were jars of body parts (hands, eyes, organs) from those who had died of AIDS. Even further, we visited the highest-level hospital, where patients on the brink of life were housed. And lastly, we visited the crematorium and saw a memorial for the ashes of those who had died in the temple... Thousands of bags of ashes laid around a statue of Buddha, all of which were bodies that had been rejected by their families, as AIDS is so taboo in Thailand that many families didn't want anything to do with their loved ones, even after they were dead.
Never in my life had I seen such raw pain and suffering in person, and, though this may sound cliche, it was life-altering. It shook me to the core. Since this experience however, I have gained such a new respect for life and acceptance, and the ability of mankind to draw together in times of need.
I also learned something from this experience that draws me back to Dachau. In Thailand, I was so jolted--so upset by what I saw--that I didn't take pictures and I didn't talk about it until much later. I thought it was too trivial--too unfair to those who lived in the temple. Upon retrospect however, when I realized just how big of an impact this event had had on me, I regretted not taking pictures and not saying more, because the world deserves to see what I saw. Thus, with respect for the dead and the best sense of humility someone in my generation (the post-WWII-trauma generation) could find, I took pictures and wish to tell this story because you deserve to see what I saw:
Dachau was the first and "model" concentration camp. SS members and later Reich leaders were trained here. It was built in the early 1930s and went through 3 phases: (1) purely political prisoners (before WWII started), (2) random arrests of civilians and use of prisoner's as slave labor for the war cause (1939-1943), and (3) erratic murder and most horrific living conditions as the pressure to produce more war goods increased (1943-liberation). By the end of the war, more than 200,000 people from 30 countries were believed to have been housed in Dachau.
The history of the camp does not end in 1945, however. Following liberation, the camp served as US Army headquarters for a number of years and as a refugee camp for Germans until 1965. Today, the original barracks have been destroyed however, and the camp serves only as a memorial. It's quiet and bleak.
Entry to the camp: "Arbeit mach frei" or "work makes you free." As we all know however, the work never set anyone free. Prisoners died from the work and died if they refused. This was just one of 1,000 ways to dehumanize prisoners...
Classification system for prisoners...everyone was the same when they entered, but the guards did their best to separate prisoners by gender, ethnicity, or other classifications in order to turn prisoners against one another and prevent revolt. Though Auschwitz was the only camp to tattoo numbers onto the prisoners, Dachau used the number system too. In addition, every colored triangle denoted something different. Red (political "enemies of the state"), green (criminals), blue (foreigners), pink (homosexuals and sexual offenders), purple (Jehovah's Witnesses), brown (gypsies), black ("asocial elements," such as the mentally impared, alcoholics, bums, etc...)
Other classifications were also added, such as tabs above the triangles, which listed the number of times one had been internned, or a gold star, which marked Jews.
The prison within the prison. "High-profile prisoners" or those being punished for other arbitrary offenses were placed here in locker-sized cells with no food, water, or light for days on end. The halls were painted green after liberation, when the US Army used these rooms as offices. I can't imagine trying to get work done in a place like this...
Gas chamber. Technically, there is no "proof" (or paper trail) that this room was ever used. Dachau, by definition, was a forced-labor camp, not an extermination camp like Auschwitz. Still, there is a letter written from the main doctor at Dachau to Heinrich Rimmler stating that the chambers were "fulling functioning" and requesting permission to use them in mass. This permission was never granted for unknown reasons (which certainly did not include sympathy), but it is believed that they likely were used for medical experimentation or small-scale use.
Crematorium, which was certainly used, as more than 35,000 people died in Dachau and its surrounding subcamps.
Memorial outside Barrack X (which housed the gas chamber and crematorium). It reads "Den Toten zur Ehr; Den Lebenden zur Mahnung" or "To honor the dead; to warn the living."